Bar questions · 2026
Commercial & Taxation Law
20 questions from the 2026 bar examination.
- 1.Enrique purchased a subdivision unit from Everstone Realty Corporation. He fully paid the purchase price after entering into a loan as well as executing a mortgage over the same unit with Money Bank. Thereafter, Money BaansweredEssay
- 2.I&U Corp. is a holding company engaged in diverse businesses, including the distribution of petroleum products, with assets in the Philippines worth at least PHP 10 billion. In June 2025, I&U Corp. entered into a Share PansweredEssay
- 3.Forever Young Corporation (FYC) and Africa Solutions, Inc. (ASI) entered into a Share Swap Agreement. Pursuant to this agreement, the directors and shareholders representing at least 2/3 of the outstanding capital stock answeredEssay
- 4.St. Charbel’s Foundation (Foundation) is a non-stock corporation organized in accordance with Philippine laws, comprising of five voting members and trustees. Two of them are Filipino priests, one is a Filipino lawyer reansweredEssay
- 5.Stela contributed PHP 4 million, while Barbie and Choco contributed PHP 1 million each for their partnership. Zia is an industrial partner and did not contribute any capital. The group agreed on the following: (a) their answeredEssay
- 6.SakayNa, Inc., a corporation engaged in pre-arranged transportation services for a fee using an online-enabled platform, connects passengers with drivers who use their own vehicles to transport them. Sarah, a passenger, answeredEssay
- 7.Vanessa and Carlo, who have been together since 2015, agreed to marry sometime in 2020. On January 26, 2017, Vanessa took out an insurance policy on the life of Carlo, with Longlife Insurance Company. In the insurance apansweredEssay
- 8.After 15 years of marriage, Cocoy and Cacai filed a Petition for Legal Separation. The court granted their Petition. Three months after the decree of legal separation, Cocoy insured the life of Cacai. If Cacai dies, can answeredEssay
- 9.In a criminal case for plunder pending before the Sandiganbayan, the Special Prosecution Panel filed a Request for the Issuance of Subpoena Duces Tecum directing the president of Money Bank or his authorized representatiansweredEssay
- 10.Francheska deposited in her current account with Money Bank the amount of PHP 400,000.00 everyday, from Monday to Friday, or a total of PHP 2 million in five banking days. Money Bank reported the deposit transactions of answeredEssay
- 11.Dynamite Communications, Inc. (Dynamite) sells mobile phone applications. Its website also permits a prospective consumer to listen to a 20-second portion of a song by clicking the “pre-listening function” before downloaansweredEssay
- 12.Spring Corp. manufactures dairy products using the trademark Top Tip Dairy Products. Top Tip New Zealand Ltd. is a New Zealand corporation with a licensed Philippine branch office. It produces cigarettes using its registunverifiedEssay
- 13.Grand Hotel Corp. encountered financial difficulties and incurred cash flow problems. Even though it still had more assets than liabilities, it filed a Petition for Corporate Rehabilitation with Prayer for the Issuance oansweredEssay
- 14.The corporate secretary of Super Solutions Corp. circulated the Minutes of the Special Meeting of the Board (Minutes) which contained the approved resolutions. He used the software “Contractsign Professional” to generateansweredEssay
- 15.ChenYang Electric Distribution Company, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of China, wants to incorporate a corporation in the Philippines that will engage in the business of distribution of electricity answeredEssay
- 16.The Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) issued its Philippine Offshore Gaming Operators (POGO) Rules and Regulations (Rules). Under these Rules, a POGO may be given an Offshore Gaming License either PhilansweredEssay
- 17.Paolo entered into a Contract to Sell with Suga Land, Inc. (Suga Land) for the purchase of a three-bedroom penthouse located in Rockwell, Makati. Under the Contract to Sell, Paolo agreed to pay Suga Land an initial downpansweredEssay
- 18.The City of Makati assessed and collected 1% tax based on preceding year’s gross sales from all business establishments selling liquor, wine, spirits, and beer pursuant to Section 15 (Tax on Wholesalers, Distributors, oransweredEssay
- 19.Ramel was assessed by the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) Pasig for deficiency income taxes of PHP 300 million, inclusive of penalties amounting to PHP 100 million. In filing his protest requesting for reinvestigation, answeredEssay
- 20.Renoer Housing, Inc. (RHI) constructed a ten-unit apartment beside Maharlika University. The management of RHI wishes to rent out each apartment unit for PHP 20,000.00 per month. Maharlika University wanted to rent 10 unansweredEssay